Image Courtesy: REEF

See here for more: http://www.reef.org/node/4069#node-4063

By Christy Pattengill-Semmens, Ph.D., Director of Science

REEF Fish Survey Project data were recently featured in a paper in the scientific journal PLoS ONE, Large-Scale Absence of Sharks on Reefs in the Greater-Caribbean: A Footprint of Human Pressures. The study’s authors evaluated the status of 14 species of sharks in the Caribbean. In recent decades, large pelagic and coastal shark populations have declined dramatically with increased fishing. However, the status of sharks in other systems such as coral reefs remains largely unassessed despite a long history of exploitation. The paper’s authors used REEF data to explore the contemporary distribution and sighting frequency of sharks on reefs in the greater-Caribbean, and assessed the possible role of human pressures on observed patterns.

The analysis was based on 76,340 underwater surveys carried out by REEF volunteers between 1993 and 2008. REEF data are well suited for rarely seen species like sharks because of the wide geographic coverage by REEF volunteers.The authors compared sighting frequency to the number of people in each area surveyed, and used population viability analyses to assess the effects of exploitation on population trends. Sharks, with the exception of nurse sharks, occurred mainly in areas with very low human population or strong fishing regulations and marine conservation.

Population viability analysis suggests that exploitation alone could explain the large-scale absence; however, this pattern is likely to be exacerbated by additional anthropogenic stressors, such as pollution and habitat degradation, that also correlate with human population. Preventing further loss of sharks requires urgent management measures to curb fishing mortality and to mitigate other anthropogenic stressors to protect sites where sharks still exist. The fact that sharks still occur in some densely populated areas where strong fishing regulations are in place indicates the possibility of success and encourages the implementation of conservation measures.

A PDF of the full paper can be downloaded here. The citation is Ward-Paige CA, Mora C, Lotze HK, Pattengill-Semmens C, McClenachan L, et al. (2010) Large-Scale Absence of Sharks on Reefs in the Greater-Caribbean: A Footprint of Human Pressures. PLoS ONE 5(8): e11968. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011968.

To see a complete list of papers and other publications featuring REEF data, visit the REEF Publications page here:

http://www.reef.org/db/publications

The Great Annual Fish Count (GAFC) is an event coordinated by the Reef Environmental Education Foundation (REEF) that mobilizes and trains volunteer divers and snorkelers in established methodologies to identify and document fish diversity and population trends in marine ecosystems. This annual event takes place in  the month of July, and serves to introduce and inspire recreational divers and snorkelers to: participate in REEF’s year-round Volunteer Survey Project; raise awareness among both the diving community and public-at-large regarding marine habitats and trends in fish populations; and provide researchers, marine resource managers and policy makers with this useful information that would otherwise be unavailable. See link for more information on how to organize an event in YOUR area:

http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/5564282/july_the_great_annual_fish_count_reef.html?cat=58

See here for more information: http://www.examiner.com/examiner/x-38501-San-Diego-Scuba-Diving-Examiner~y2010m6d17-What-exactly-does-being-a-Citizen-Scientist-mean–Ask-an-expert

Photo: Janna Nichols/REEF

Completing 4 days of marine life surveying off the dive boat, the Monterey Express, skippered by Captain Phil Sammet, a team of 18 REEF surveyors from California and the Pacific Northwest, using the ‘roving diver’ method, tallied up and recorded a total of 54 species of fish and invertebrates, to be entered into REEF‘s Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary (MBNMS) database. See link below for more information: http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/5461714/monterey_bay_national_marine_sanctuary.html?cat=58

Second to last row, first and third from right: Dr. Steve Lonhart and Chad King, respectively.

First row, second and third from left, Mike Bear and Barbara Lloyd, from San Diego.

Pacific sea nettle (Chrysaora fuscescens)

–Many thanks to Chad King , Research Specialist with the Sanctuary Integrated Monitoring Network (SIMoN), Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary for permission to post these gorgeous photos from our joint June 2010  REEF/MBNMS/SIMoN Expedition .

See here for more information: http://www.sanctuarysimon.org/